Criminal Law
Criminal Law defines offences, the legal status of the accused and the victim, the applicable sanctions, and criminal procedure, including the enforcement of sentences that have been handed down.
- Criminal complaints and investigation-stage proceedings
- Defence of suspects during the investigation stage
- Representation of victims, complainants and intervening parties in criminal cases
- Defence of the accused and representation in criminal proceedings
- Objections to detention and judicial control measures
- Appellate and cassation (legal remedy) proceedings
- Sentence-enforcement matters (probation, suspension, etc.)
- Compensation claims filed following criminal proceedings
Family & Divorce Law
Family Law is a branch of civil law concerned with matters relating to the family. Its principal aim is to safeguard the family unit, regulate relationships within the family, and protect the rights of family members.
- Contested divorce proceedings
- Uncontested (mutual consent) divorce proceedings
- Matrimonial property division proceedings arising from divorce
- Annulment of matrimonial property regime agreements
- Conversion of the statutory property regime to separation of property
- Increase, reduction or termination of alimony
- Claims for and termination of assistance alimony
- Custody proceedings and change-of-custody proceedings
- Recognition and enforcement of foreign family and divorce judgments in Türkiye
- Post-divorce proceedings permitting a child to use the mother's surname
- Compensation claims filed after divorce
- Claims for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages and return of gifts following breach of engagement
- Proceedings permitting a married woman to use her former surname
- Parentage (paternity/maternity) proceedings
- Adoption proceedings
- Annulment of marriage (absolute or relative nullity)
- Proceedings for the return of personal belongings
- Protective and preventive orders under Law No. 6284
Labour & Social Security Law
Labour Law governs the legal relationship between employees and employers and the resolution of disputes arising from that relationship. Social Security Law protects individuals against risks such as old age, illness, unemployment and work accidents.
- Severance and notice pay proceedings
- Employee receivables claims (salary, wages, bonuses, overtime, annual leave and holiday pay)
- Reinstatement claims
- Claims arising from work accidents and occupational illnesses
- Claims arising from employees' injury, death or loss of working capacity
- Claims based on an employer's strict liability toward employees and third parties
- Claims for mobbing and bad-faith compensation
- Service-record determination proceedings
- Resolution of disputes arising from collective bargaining agreements
- Correction of social security (SGK) records
Enforcement & Bankruptcy Law
Enforcement Law governs the compulsory collection of a debt through the state's enforcement bodies where a debtor fails to pay. Bankruptcy Law governs the liquidation of the assets of legal entities, and in certain cases individuals, who are unable to meet their debts, for distribution among creditors.
- Enforcement proceedings based on unsecured claims, judgments and negotiable instruments
- Objection-annulment proceedings arising from enforcement proceedings
- Complaints under the Enforcement and Bankruptcy Code
- Eviction of leased premises through enforcement proceedings
- Mortgage and pledge transactions
- Recovery (istirdat) proceedings
- Claims of ownership (istihkak) proceedings
- Negative-declaration proceedings
- Actions to annul fraudulent transfers (tasarrufun iptali)
- Follow-up of attachment and sale proceedings
- Precautionary attachment orders to prevent a debtor from concealing assets
- Follow-up of concordat and bankruptcy proceedings
- Criminal proceedings arising from enforcement and bankruptcy law (such as issuing a bad cheque)
Real Estate, Title Deed & Tenancy Law
Covers ownership, the acquisition of real property, construction matters and tenancy relationships, including the relationships between property owners, tenants, construction companies and developers.
- Drafting contracts required for the sale and purchase of real estate
- Drafting tenancy agreements and determining rent for a new lease term
- Rent-determination and rent-adjustment proceedings
- Enforcement proceedings for the collection of unpaid rent
- Proceedings and enforcement actions for eviction, including under a letter of undertaking to vacate
- Actions to prevent interference with property and claims for unjust-occupation compensation (ecrimisil)
- Partition (division of co-ownership) proceedings
- Compensation claims arising from build-to-share construction contracts
- Title-deed registration based on extraordinary acquisitive prescription
- Title-deed annulment and registration proceedings arising from a promise-of-sale agreement
- Proceedings to compel registration
- Pre-emption (right of first refusal) proceedings
- Right-of-way proceedings
- Title-deed annulment and registration for encroaching construction
- Correction of title-deed records
- Proceedings to determine ownership of improvements on land
- Title-deed annulment for defects of consent (error, fraud or duress)
- Objections to cadastral survey findings
- Actions to annul zoning-plan amendments
- Proceedings to remove a mortgage
- Proceedings to remove a family-home annotation
- Advisory on the acquisition of real estate in Türkiye by foreign nationals
Administrative Law
Administrative Law governs the activities of the state's executive bodies and their relationships with citizens and other persons, providing legal protection against, and remedies for, unlawful administrative acts.
- Actions for annulment before administrative courts under the Administrative Procedure Code
- Full-remedy (compensation) actions
- Objections to administrative fines
- Disputes arising from expropriation
- Requests to stay execution of administrative acts
- Objections to disciplinary penalties
- Disputes arising from tax legislation, primarily the Tax Procedure Code
- Advisory during ongoing tax audits and on tax planning
- Follow-up of proceedings concerning tax offences
Compensation Law
A sub-branch of the law of obligations concerned with redressing pecuniary and non-pecuniary loss suffered as a result of unlawful acts.
- Pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages claims arising from traffic accidents
- Pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages claims arising from work accidents
- Pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages claims arising from bodily injury
- Pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages claims arising from wrongful death
- Pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages claims arising from medical malpractice
- Compensation claims arising from fraud
- Compensation claims arising from wrongful enforcement proceedings
- Claims for the return of money paid under an invalid contract
- Claims and compensation arising from insurance policies
- Applications to the Insurance Arbitration Commission and insurance subrogation claims
- Vehicle value-loss claims
Inheritance Law
Inheritance Law governs how the assets of a deceased person are distributed and who is entitled to inherit them; the distribution of the estate arises upon the death of the deceased.
- Obtaining a certificate of inheritance
- Advisory during the distribution of the estate
- Follow-up of partition (division of co-ownership) proceedings
- Follow-up of reduction (tenkis) proceedings
- Follow-up of proceedings to determine the estate
- Title-deed annulment proceedings for collusive transfers intended to defeat heirs (muris muvazaası)
- Reduction of testamentary dispositions
- Equalisation (hotchpot) among heirs
- Entitlement disputes among heirs
- Annulment of testamentary dispositions
- Execution of a will
- Renunciation of inheritance and disinheritance proceedings
- Transfer of an inheritance share
- Annulment of inheritance agreements
Consumer Law
A consumer is a natural or legal person acting for purposes outside their trade or profession. Consumer Law protects the rights of consumers against producers, intermediaries and sellers.
- Resolving consumer complaints
- Resolving disputes arising from defective goods or services
- Applications to and follow-up before consumer arbitration boards
- Filing and following up claims for the refund of bank file/processing fees
- Resolving disputes arising from subscription agreements
- Drafting consumer contracts in compliance with the law
- Reviewing and following up doorstep-sale and distance-selling contracts
- Filing and following up claims arising from instalment or promotional sales
- Follow-up of claims arising from unfair contract terms
- Follow-up of claims and drafting of contracts relating to timeshare agreements
- Claims arising from warranted goods
- Claims arising from housing-authority (TOKİ) contracts
- Claims arising from consumer loans
- Disputes arising from sale and purchase agreements
Commercial & Company Law
Commercial Law covers legislation relating to trade and regulates commercial relationships between parties. Company Law governs the formation, operation and regulation of companies and businesses.
- Filing and following up commercial litigation
- Collection of receivables under bills, promissory notes and cheques through litigation and enforcement
- Drafting a company's articles of association
- Advisory on a company's corporate governance
- Review of board resolutions and general assembly proceedings
- Advisory on capital increases or reductions
- Handling mergers and acquisitions
- Follow-up of litigation relating to a company's trademarks, patents and utility models
- Management of company liquidation proceedings
- Unfair-competition proceedings
- Postponement-of-bankruptcy proceedings
- Resolution of other disputes arising under the Turkish Commercial Code
Contract Law
Covers the legal relationships arising between parties under the Turkish Code of Obligations, whether from contract, tort, or unjust enrichment.
- Compensation, negative-declaration, recovery, termination, adaptation and invalidity proceedings arising from specific contracts
- Eviction and rent-receivable proceedings arising from lease agreements
- Disputes arising from suretyship agreements
- Receivables claims arising from service agreements
- Receivables claims arising from agency and legal-representation agreements
- Disputes arising from life-care (maintenance-for-life) agreements
- Receivables claims arising from sale-of-goods agreements
- Compensation and receivables claims arising from build-to-share construction agreements
- Claims for the return of a security deposit under a lease agreement
- Compensation and registration claims arising from inheritance agreements
- Compensation and receivables claims arising from consultancy agreements
- Claims arising from insurance agreements
Foreigners & Citizenship Law
Covers the legal status of foreign nationals present in Türkiye and the regulations applicable to those seeking, or holding, citizenship, residence or work permits.
- Entry, stay and exit procedures for foreign nationals
- Obtaining a work permit and advisory on working rights
- Acquisition of real estate and title-deed procedures
- Family-law matters for foreign nationals, including adoption, marriage, divorce, inheritance and alimony
- Applications for Turkish citizenship, including its acquisition or loss
- Exceptional citizenship applications
- Applications for international protection and refugee, conditional refugee, subsidiary protection or temporary protection status
- Advisory on direct investment in Türkiye and investment incentives
- Advisory on tax, fee, insurance and social security obligations in Türkiye
- Follow-up of proceedings to annul deportation decisions
- Objections to administrative detention decisions
International Law
Covers cross-border legal relationships, disputes with a foreign element, and the effect of foreign court judgments in Türkiye.
- Recognition and enforcement of foreign court judgments
- Foreigners and citizenship procedures
- Residence and work permits
- Drafting and review of international contracts
- Legal advice in Türkiye for foreign clients
- Cross-border family, inheritance and commercial disputes
- Legal advice in Türkiye for foreign investors